CROP CIRCLE PHYSICS
The primary scientific investigator of crop circles for more than a decade was biophysicist William C. Levengood of BLT Research. William Levengood contacted one of the very early British crop circle investigators, Pat Delgado, expressing interest in examining plants taken from crop circles (samples) and comparing them with plants taken elsewhere in the same fields (controls). Mr. Delgado began shipping crop circle plant samples and controls from various British crop formations to Levengood's Michigan laboratory in 1990 and, almost immediately, began observing anomalies in the circle plants.
Levengood pursued various experimental evaluations which began to form the basis of a consistent description of characteristic changes in crop circle plants. Musical producer Nancy Talbott and businessman John Burke later joined the biophysicist to form BLT Research Team, Inc. A summary of findings published by BLT Research overviews key elements identified in crop circle formations.
1. Enlarged (both laterally and longitudinally) plant stem nodes -- Node elongation (stretching) was a permanent effect related to the formation energies, and this is the parameter now used.
2. Marked bending of the plant stem nodes which occurs at the 1st node and 2nd nodes beneath the seed-head, or even the 3rd and/or 4th nodes down the plant stem.
3. Expulsion cavities -- holes blown out at the plant stem nodes -- usually found in the 2nd node beneath the seed-head.
4. Stunted, malformed seeds and germination effects. There are four basic changes to the seeds and germination capability in crop circle plants documented so far. These radically different reproductive effects depend upon the species of crop involved, the growth phase of the plants at the time the crop circle occurs, and the composition and intensity level of the energy system involved (which appears to differ from event to event):
a. Plant will continue to develop normally but seed development ceases when the circle is formed prior to development of the seed in the plant.
b. Seeds will be visually smaller, will weigh less and will exhibit repressed germination when the crop circles occur at a slightly later growth stage
c. Seeds will be visually stunted and will weigh less than normal when crop circles occur in more mature plants, where the embryo is fully formed or nearly so.
d. Seeds exhibit a massive increase in growth rate when crop circles occur in mature plants with fully formed seeds. These seedlings can tolerate extreme stress (lack of water and/or light) for considerable periods of time without apparent harm.
5. Tiny spheres of unusually pure iron are regularly found in soils from crop circle sites. These may be clusters of very small, perfectly spherical, magnetic particles.
OTHER OBSERVATIONS
A wide variety of crops, vegetation, soil, and snow are mediums where formations appear.
A coating of black sooty-like dust is found on some stems and leaves in formations.
Increase in crystallinity
Light Phenomena are commonly observed, photographed or videotaped in and around fields where crop circles historically appear. These range generally from golf ball to soccer ball in size.
Equipment Failure of cameras, recording devices, cell phones and even tractors regularly fail to operate in or near some crop circles, particularly when they are new. In some cases compasses will spin wildly or be seen to deviate 10-20º from North. And every year photographers flying over formations experience unexplained malfunctions of their cameras, in some cases finding them to be damaged beyond repair. Also, witnesses in homes near crop circles often report TV, cell phone, smoke alarm and security device interference or malfunction during the nights when a nearby crop was formed.
Animal & Human Reactions -- in proximity to some crop circles are common. Flights of geese have been observed to break formation directly over crop circles, reforming their "V" pattern once past the formation, and deer have been watched circumventing crop circles which were placed so as to cross habitual game trails across fields.
(greater ordering of the crystal structure) in clay minerals is found at some crop circle sites that is normally found only in sedimentary rock which has been exposed -- for hundreds, if not thousands, of years -- to both heat from the earth's core and the massive pressure of tons of overlying rock.
CAUSES
Plasma eruption is seen
in Coronal Mass Ejection (CME)
from the sun
Click on photo for enlargement
Compiled by Krsanna Duran from BLT Research at http://www.bltresearch.com
William Levengood postulates that the plant anomalies in crop circles are the result of exposure to a complex atmospheric plasma energy system that emits heat - most likely microwave - in association with unusual electrical pulses and strong magnetic fields.
"The microwave component heats up the internal moisture in the plant stems (even mature crop nearing harvest contains some moisture), turning it to steam. In younger crop, where the external fibers are more elastic, the steam seeps out at the nodes by stretching these fibers; in older crop, where the external fibers are tougher and less elastic, the build-up of steam explodes out from the nodes, creating the holes subsequently found. The final effects on the individual plants depend upon a number factors, including the complexity and intensity level of the microwave component (which varies in each event and from location to location within any given crop circle), the modifying influence of the electrical pulses also involved, as well as the species, variety and age of the plants involved.
"A clear indicator of the electromagnetic nature of the energies which cause node-length change in crop circles is the discovery that, in some formations, node-length change decreases from the center of the circle out to its edges in a very precise manner. In fact, these node-length changes were found to agree with a well-known law in physics -- the Beer-Lambert Principle -- which describes the absorption of EM energy by matter. In these cases the node-length increase was greatest at the center of the circle, decreasing as a function of sampling distance away from the center and toward the perimeter… "The more positive effects on the plants -- the enhanced growth and yield observed in seedlings germinated from crop circles which occur later in the growing season -- are now known to be related primarily to the exposure of the seeds to specific electrical pulses. In 1998 Levengood and Burke obtained a U.S. Patent (#5740627) for equipment which creates organized electron-ion avalanches which then form organized plasmas; normal seed exposed to these energies will subsequently exhibit enhanced growth characteristics, accelerated maturity and increased yield. Numerous field-trials with a wide variety of seed have substantiated this result and a commercial application is being sought.
Plasma, an ionized gas produced at very high temperatures (e.g., in the stars), is the fourth state of matter. The other three states are solid, liquid and gas. Plasma contains about equal numbers of positive and negative charges, making it a good conductor of electricity, and is affected by a magnetic field. The earth's surface has very little plasma but the ionosphere is a rich source of plasma, suggesting an association between the ionosphere and crop circles. Leading edge technologies employing plasma include thin-screen televisions and computer monitors and high quality coatings. Plasma technology has also been suggested for disposing of toxic wastes, because plasma breaks down into harmless hydrogen.
